How about visiting the regions of Azerbaijan? With its diverse landscapes, rich culture, and breathtaking natural beauty, Azerbaijan offers travelers a wealth of experiences across various corners of the country. Each region, from coastal resorts to highland villages, has its own unique charm and is worth visiting!&nbsp;The historical monuments of the city of <a href="https://smile-tour.az/tour/3">Sheki</a>, along with its traditional Azerbaijani architecture, are among its top attractions. One of the best examples of Azerbaijani architecture is the Sheki Khan's Palace, an exquisite 18th-century palace with intricate frescoes and stained-glass windows, created using a traditional Azerbaijani technique called shabaka. Sheki is also home to an ancient caravanserai, originally a resting place for merchants and travelers along the Great Silk Road. This beautiful example of traditional Azerbaijani architecture gives a glimpse into the region's past as an important trading and commercial hub. Another must-see is the Albanian Church, dating back to the 12th century, built by the Caucasian Albanians — an ancient Christian community in the region.&nbsp;For those seeking a combination of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and traditional Azerbaijani hospitality, <a href="https://smile-tour.az/tour/5">Guba</a> is one of the most picturesque cities in the country. If you're a photography enthusiast, there's a place you must visit! The Khizi Caramel Mountains are unique due to the structure of the surrounding rocks and soil, giving them a distinct golden-brown or caramel hue. Khinalig, the highest mountain village in Azerbaijan, is located at an altitude of 2,300 meters above sea level. What makes this village unique? One of the most unusual aspects of Khinalig is the language of the locals, which is one of the rare languages spoken in the region. In addition to their language, the residents of Khinalig have managed to preserve their unique traditions and way of life.&nbsp;<a href="https://smile-tour.az/tour/9">Shahdag Resort </a>is open year-round and offers a wide range of activities for adventure seekers, nature lovers, and those looking for a relaxing getaway! In winter, there are plenty of slopes for skiers and snowboarders of all levels. The resort is equipped with modern ski lifts, snow-making machines, and various trails for beginners and experienced skiers alike. If you're looking for an adrenaline rush, snowmobiles are an excellent way to explore Shahdag's snow-covered slopes. Snowmobiles can be rented directly at the resort, and special trails and guided tours are available to take you through the snowy mountains on scenic paths!&nbsp;<a href="https://smile-tour.az/tour/4">Gabala</a> is a region known for its stunning natural beauty, rich history, and variety of active recreation options, offering something for every traveler. The Tufandag ski resort is a true gem of Gabala. In winter, it transforms into a snowy paradise, ideal for skiing, snowboarding, and snowshoeing. When the sun comes out, the slopes become perfect for hiking, attracting adventure enthusiasts. One of the most famous natural attractions in Gabala is the "Seven Beauties" waterfall, a beautiful multi-tiered waterfall hidden in the Caucasus Mountains. Lake Nohur is a peaceful spot surrounded by majestic mountains, with its calm waters reflecting the sky, creating an almost magical atmosphere.

Explore the Hidden Gems of Azerbaijan’s Regions

&nbsp; &nbsp; The official opening date of the Baku Metro is considered to be November 6, 1967, when it was accepted by the State Commission. However, the metro opened its doors to passengers only on November 25 of the same year. The opening of the metro was timed to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution.Baku became the fifth city in the Soviet Union to build a metro system, after Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv, and Tbilisi. However, it also became the first city among all Islamic cities in the world—whether socialist or capitalist—to open a metro. For comparison: Tashkent's metro opened only in 1977, Cairo's in 1987, Ankara's in 1996, Tehran's in 1999, Istanbul's in 2000, Kazan's in 2005, and Almaty’s in 2011.As of the end of 2021, the Baku Metro includes 3 active lines with a total length of 38.3 km and 26 stations. All lines are served by a single depo—Depo No. 1 "Nariman Narimanov." Currently, new stations are under construction on the third line, and a second depo—Depo No. 2 "Darnagul"—is being built.The fare payment is controlled at the station entrance using turnstiles. The current fare payment system (via the "BakiKart" transport card) was introduced on March 1, 2006, making the Baku Metro the second in the post-Soviet space, after Moscow, to abandon tokens.Where can you buy a BakiKart? Special machines are available at all metro stations, allowing you to purchase and top up your BakiKart. The cost of a reusable card is 2 manats. To acquire a reusable card, you need to press the card icon on the machine and insert 2 manats. Once the payment is made, the card is dispensed, after which you can top it up. The cost of one metro ride is 50 coins.The capital of Azerbaijan is located on the western coast of the Caspian Sea and, along with its suburbs, occupies almost the entire Absheron Peninsula. The central part of the city stretches in a semi-circle along Baku Bay for 24 km, from the Zykh Spit in the east to Shakhovaya in the west.Baku’s metro stations are divided into 4 types: 7 out of 8 deep-laid stations are pylon-type, one is a single-span station; 14 out of 17 shallow-laid stations are columned three-span stations (with construction designs varying); and the remaining three stations are single-arch. Baku also has one open surface station, "Bakmill," which is unique among the metro systems of the former USSR.The Baku Metro differs from other metro systems in the CIS countries in that it does not operate on closed loops for specific lines. Instead, there are four train routes on the "main" line, and each station has signs indicating the direction of the next train.Since the Baku Metro operates along routes, the division into lines is conditional. "Shuttle" trains run only on two sections: "Jafar Jabbarly" — "Shah Ismail Khatai" and "8 November" — "Bus Station." On the so-called "main" line, trains run along the following routes: "Darnagul" — "Azi Aslanov," "Darnagul" — "Bakmill," "Icherisheher" — "Azi Aslanov," "Icherisheher" — "Bakmill." Despite this, the conditional division into lines remains. Currently, the Red Line ("Icherisheher" — "Azi Aslanov") is 18.8 km long and has 13 stations, while the Green Line ("Khatai" — "Darnagul") is 15.54 km long and has 10 stations. In the near future, there are plans to merge the sections "Darnagul" — "Nizami" and "Jafar Jabbarly" — "Shah Ismail Khatai" into a full line, but at the moment, direct movement between them is not possible, even though they are legally considered one line.On April 19, 2016, the third line, the Purple Line, was opened, initially including two stations: "Bus Station" and "Memar Ajami-2," with a distance of 2.07 km between them. On May 29, 2021, the third station, "8 November," was added, and the line's length increased by 1.6 km. The metro now has two transfer stations. The trains in the Baku Metro consist of five cars, as the stations on the first two lines were designed for this number of cars. For the Purple Line, which can accommodate trains with up to seven cars, five-car trains are still used due to the lower passenger flow. The Baku Metro accounts for about 30% of all urban transportation in the city.

Baku Metro

One of the most significant events in the world is the Climate Conference (COP), which brings together governments, experts, activists, and the public to discuss global climate change issues. From November 30 to December 12, the 28th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28) took place in Dubai. As a result, it was decided that the next conference will be held in Azerbaijan.Are you familiar with COP? COP (Conference of Parties) is an abbreviation for the "Conference of Parties." The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992 and aims to prevent harmful human interference in the climate system.The goal of COP is to discuss the scientific, technical, and political aspects of climate change, which is a major challenge of our time, as well as to develop and adopt decisions aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to the negative consequences of climate change.What advantages will Azerbaijan gain from participating in COP29? Global attention: COP attracts the attention of world leaders, the media, and the public to the issues of climate change, helping to raise awareness of these problems and the urgent need for action to address them.Strengthening international status: As the host of COP29, Azerbaijan will receive even greater recognition worldwide and confirmation of its ability to organize and hold such a large-scale international event, demonstrating its importance in addressing global issues.Diplomatic and trade opportunities: The conference provides a venue for strengthening trade cooperation and diplomatic ties between countries. COP fosters the creation of international coalitions and partnerships to tackle climate issues. The host country and participating countries have the opportunity to engage in discussions and collaborate on global challenges.Attracting investments: Hosting COP29 will draw the attention of international investors and stimulate investments in the ecology, infrastructure, and energy sectors that promote sustainable development.For Azerbaijan, the COP29 conference is a crucial event in 2024. It is a logical continuation of the country’s transition plan to a "green" economy. In support of this goal, the President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, has declared 2024 as the "Year of Solidarity for a Green World."

COP-29 in Azerbaijan

In Azerbaijan, the pomegranate is a symbol of wealth, abundance, and fertility. It is also known as the king of fruits, with its crown shape believed to have inspired the crowns of monarchs. In Azerbaijan, poems and songs are composed about the pomegranate, which is often featured in cultural traditions, holidays, and folk art. It is also depicted in various artworks, textiles, and souvenirs.Did you know that the pomegranate is one of the oldest fruits known to humanity? It is believed that the pomegranate tree originated in Persia. In Zoroastrianism, pomegranates were considered a sign of fertility due to their numerous seeds. The presence of pomegranates at the night festival of Yalda symbolizes the blessing of new life. Traditionally, Zoroastrians gift pomegranates to their daughters and sons upon their marriage, praying for fertility. The ethnic Lur community, which lived in Iran around 2000 BC, produced remarkable crafts known today as Luristani bronzes, some of which can be identified by the pomegranate tree. Additionally, pomegranates can be found on several bas-reliefs at Persepolis, a UNESCO World Heritage site that was once the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid kings. Furthermore, pomegranates are depicted in some Sasanian reliefs as symbols of fertility and harvest. The pomegranate embodies immortality, diversity in unity, eternal fertility, fruitfulness, and abundance. In Islam, the pomegranate symbolizes moral purity and is considered a fruit that will grow in paradise.There is an interesting wedding tradition in Azerbaijan related to the pomegranate. In some regions, pomegranates are used during weddings. The groom meets the bride at the threshold of her new home and throws her a pomegranate or an apple. If the bride catches the fruit, she is responsible for the family; if she does not, the husband takes the initiative.The pomegranate is also a powerful natural antioxidant. This fruit contains a high amount of antioxidants and acids that reduce inflammation. For this reason, pomegranates have significant anti-tumor effects, especially concerning breast cancer. Pomegranates also prevent the destruction of cardiovascular cells, help avoid diseases such as heart attacks and strokes, and contribute to lowering cholesterol levels. To take advantage of all the beneficial properties of pomegranates, one should consume a quarter of the fruit or 30 grams of pomegranate juice daily. The juice should be diluted with water or consumed in a tube, and it’s essential to rinse the mouth afterward.How does the pomegranate adorn Azerbaijani cuisine? In the national diet of Azerbaijan, pomegranate seeds are used both raw and as a seasoning for various dishes. A fish sauce called narsharab is made from pomegranate juice. To prepare narsharab, the peel and inner membranes of the pomegranate are typically removed, and the remaining seeds are pressed for juice. The juice is then reduced to 20% of its original volume, and sugar, coriander, basil, cinnamon, bay leaf, and sometimes black or red pepper are added. This natural source of pomegranate juice stabilizes hemoglobin levels in the blood, has hematopoietic properties, and normalizes blood pressure. Azerbaijani pomegranate wine is a unique alcoholic drink made from pomegranates. It is popular among locals and tourists for its rich color and unique flavor. Besides being delicious, pomegranate wine is also rich in vitamins and antioxidants and is considered beneficial for health. It can be consumed both on its own and paired with various dishes, including meat and meat appetizers.For centuries, pomegranates have been a source of income for the local population. And Goychay is not only home to the tastiest pomegranates but is also the only place in the world where 67 varieties are grown. The pomegranate festival in Azerbaijan is usually celebrated to mark the harvest of this fruit. The festival features various fairs, exhibitions, and events related to pomegranates. Guests can sample various pomegranate-based products, enjoy music and dance, and learn more about the cultural traditions associated with this fruit in Azerbaijani culture. Since 2006, the city of Goychay has celebrated the pomegranate festival annually and on a grand scale, coinciding with the end of the pomegranate harvest. The event lasts about two weeks, typically from October 26 to November 7. This festival occurs during the pomegranate harvest season, usually from late October to early November.Key highlights of the festival include:Exhibitions and fairs: Gardeners showcase different varieties of pomegranates, such as "Veles," "Shirin," "Gyuleysha," and "Shikhbaba." Pomegranate products: juices, jams, sauces, and even medicinal concoctions.Competitions and entertainment: A contest for the largest pomegranate, featuring fruits weighing over 1.5 kilograms. Musical shows, folk dances, sports events, and performances by folk groups.Cultural significance: In 2020, UNESCO included this festival in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The pomegranate is regarded as the king of fruits in Azerbaijan and is an essential part of local culture and economy.Pomegranate Museum: Can you imagine that in Goychay, there is the only pomegranate museum in the world, where you can learn more about its history and significance? Yes, there is!Interestingly, the city also prepares for the celebrations. Renovations are underway, and parks, gardens, and streets are being decorated.The festivities begin with laying a wreath at the monument to the national leader in the Heydar Aliyev Park, where local officials and guests congratulate the residents on the pomegranate festival and discuss the economic, social, cultural, and moral significance of the event. Then, guests visit the museum and the Heydar Aliyev Health Center.

Pomegranate Festival in Azerbaijan

Formula 1 Grand Prix of Azerbaijan in Baku: A Tournament Whirlwind on the Streets of the Azerbaijani CapitalSince its debut in Formula 1 in 2016, the Azerbaijan Grand Prix in Baku has established itself as one of the most dynamic and unpredictable events on the championship calendar. This street race quickly gained recognition from both spectators and participants due to its unique track and thrilling racing nature. The Formula 1 Grand Prix in Baku is more than just a race; it is an event that combines high speeds, technical challenges, and unpredictability. The Baku circuit, with its unique characteristics and challenging conditions, makes this race one of the most exciting and spectacular on the Formula 1 calendar. Each race in Baku becomes a celebration of motorsport and a significant milestone in the Formula 1 season.Historical Perspective and OrganizationThe introduction of the Azerbaijan Grand Prix was part of a strategic plan to expand Formula 1’s presence in new regions. Baku was chosen not by chance: the city offers a unique blend of historical and modern architecture, making it an ideal setting for a street race. The idea of bringing Formula 1 to the streets of Baku was supported by the country’s government as part of its effort to promote tourism and sports events.The track, known as the Baku City Circuit, stretches 6.003 km and was designed to highlight both speed and technical skill. The inclusion of narrow sections interspersed with wide straight stretches makes this circuit one of the most challenging on the Formula 1 calendar.Track Dynamics and Challenges for DriversThe Baku track is distinguished by its high-speed straights, allowing drivers to reach great speeds, and narrow, technically complex sections that require high concentration and precision. The narrow city streets, where wide overtakes are impossible, create unique conditions for position battles. At the same time, the wide sections, such as long straights, facilitate frequent overtakes and high-speed maneuvers.One of the most memorable features of the track are the "arrows" or sharp turns, which often lead to accidents and challenges for drivers. This is especially evident in the high-stress sections, where mistakes can result in significant time losses or even race retirements.The Race as a Cultural EventThe Azerbaijan Grand Prix has become an important part of Baku’s cultural life. The event attracts many spectators and features various entertainment activities during the Grand Prix weekend. The race serves as an occasion for cultural and recreational events, such as concerts, exhibitions, and various shows.The impact of the Grand Prix on the country’s economy and tourism is also notable. Baku attracts a large number of tourists, which boosts the hospitality sector, restaurants, and local services. The Grand Prix has become a key milestone in promoting Azerbaijan as an international tourist destination.Memorable Moments and Key EventsThe Azerbaijan Grand Prix has already delivered several memorable moments and historic events.Every year, organizers create a concert program for spectators, inviting various global stars. Notable performers who have visited Baku include Dua Lipa, Cardi B, and Christina Aguilera, among others. This year’s special guests will be J Balvin and Will Smith.<ul><li>2016: The debut Grand Prix in Baku was marked by a dramatic race, with Daniel Ricciardo claiming victory. The race was memorable for numerous incidents and crashes, highlighting the complexity of the track.</li><li>2017: This year was notable for the battle between Sebastian Vettel and Lewis Hamilton, which led to several incidents and controversies, including a collision between the two drivers. The final victory went to Sergio Perez.</li><li>2021: This year’s race became one of the most dramatic, featuring numerous overtakes and incidents. Max Verstappen emerged victorious after a challenging race, which included an intense battle for the lead.</li><li>2022: The race once again demonstrated its unpredictability, with Charles Leclerc emerging as the winner after a complex race with multiple intervals and strategic decisions.</li></ul>Impact on the World ChampionshipThe Azerbaijan Grand Prix plays a crucial role in the Formula 1 season. Due to its unpredictability and challenging track, this race can radically alter the championship standings. The race results can be significant for the title fight, as participants may gain or lose crucial points.The Formula 1 Grand Prix in Baku is more than just a race; each event in Baku becomes a celebration of motorsport and a key milestone in the Formula 1 season.

Formula 1 Grand Prix: Speed on the Streets of Baku

Azerbaijani culture and history are rich and multifaceted, leaving a significant mark across various fields of art, including music. Mugham is a true gem of Azerbaijani musical tradition. This unique musical genre has its roots in Eastern musical culture and has been known since the early medieval period. Legends and myths from Eastern cultures often mention musical wonders, such as the magical singing of the mythical bird Simurg.Mugham is distinguished by its improvisation based on specific mugham modes, which makes its performance particularly expressive. It can be performed in its entirety (dastgah) or in parts (khanende) and may be accompanied by instruments such as the tar and kamancha, or presented as solo instrumental pieces. The music of mugham deeply affects the listener's inner world, imbuing it with spiritual purity and grandeur, and serves as a bridge between antiquity and modernity.In Azerbaijan, there are seven main mugham modes: "Rast," "Shur," "Segah," "Chahargah," "Bayati-Shiraz," "Shushtar," and "Humayun," as well as three auxiliary modes: "Shahnaz," "Sarandj," and "Chaharga." During the Soviet era, mugham ensembles continued to perform classical pieces, though cleansed of mystical elements. Typically, an ensemble consisted of three performers: a tar player, a kamancha player, and a khanende, who also played percussion. Azerbaijani music publishers actively released recordings of mugham and khanende songs. Mugham has been preserved to this day thanks to Uzeyir Hajibeyov, who transcribed this music into notation.In 2003, mugham was recognized as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, highlighting its exceptional value and influence on global musical culture. This ancient tradition is not only a form of sound art but also a living testament to Azerbaijan's and the Caucasus's rich cultural heritage. Mugham connects the past with the present, bridging generations and peoples through the universal language of music and poetry. Listening to mugham allows us to feel the rhythm of ancient civilizations, their experiences and dreams reflected in every sound. It is not merely music but a true treasure that continues to inspire and captivate people around the world, leaving an indelible mark on the hearts and souls of those who experience its magic.

Mugham: The Pearl of Azerbaijani Music

Tea plays a special role in Azerbaijan and is considered a symbol of hospitality and respect. It is not only for quenching thirst but also for creating a relaxed atmosphere for conversation. While tea drinking in Azerbaijan doesn’t have the formal ceremonies seen in Japan, England, or China, it holds a significant place in daily life.Tea is served in special glasses called "armudu," which are pear-shaped—wider at the top and bottom and narrower in the middle. This shape helps the tea retain its temperature longer: the drink cools down more slowly at the bottom, so the tea remains as hot at the end of the gathering as it was at the beginning. Tea began to be cultivated in the Caspian region of Azerbaijan in the 1880s.In the late 19th century, M. O. Novoselov began experimenting with planting tea bushes in the Lankaran region and established a tea factory there in 1896. By 1900, the area saw the first small tea plantations. In 1912, Novoselov published a work titled "Russian Subtropics," which described the optimal conditions for growing tea in the region. After his enterprise failed around 1920, the Azerbaijan Institute of Horticulture and Subtropical Plants began studying the potential for tea production. As a result of Soviet efforts, tea production was significantly expanded in the Lankaran and Zagatala regions, and by 1937, the first packs of Azerbaijani tea were produced.Lankaran is one of the main tea regions of the country, with many tea plantations. It is known for its high-quality tea varieties, which are popular both within the country and abroad. The climate and soil in this region contribute to tea with unique flavor characteristics.Astara is another important tea region. Located on the border with Iran, Astara also has favorable conditions for tea cultivation. The high-quality tea produced here is valued for its rich flavor and aroma.In Azerbaijan, tea is not just a drink but an important element of hospitality. Even if a guest comes briefly and on business, they will first be offered tea. Tea is often served at the beginning and end of a meal and is also part of the matchmaking process.During matchmaking discussions, there is a special tradition. If sugar is added to the tea offered to the prospective in-laws, it signifies consent to the marriage. If the sugar is served separately, it indicates a refusal.These traditions and types of tea reflect the richness of Azerbaijani culture and the importance of tea in the social life of the country.

The Tea Heritage of Azerbaijan

Dream Fest Baku is a vibrant and unforgettable event that turns your dreams into reality! This grand festival brings together an impressive lineup of talented performers, thrilling attractions, and unique activities to create a truly magical atmosphere.From July 23 to 28, the picturesque Sea Breeze Resort in the resort town will host the highlight of the summer — the international music festival Dream Fest 2024 in Baku. On stage, you'll see stars from around the world, including Jony, Mari Kraimbrery, Ani Lorak, Mot, Jason Derulo, Aygun Kazimova, Röya, Emin, Artik &amp; Asti, Klava Koka, Stas Mikhailov, Imany, Burak Yeter, Gluk'oza, Yulianna Karaulova, Natalia Podolskaya, and many others.Dream Fest 2024 in Baku will blend musical performances, innovative technologies, and cultural events. It’s a unique chance to enjoy exceptional shows and be part of a major cultural celebration.

Dream Fest Baku: The Event of Your Dreams

Oil, known as “black gold”, represents a significant wealth of our country. Oil extraction in Northern Azerbaijan began at a modest level, but soon there was a period of "oil boom" in Baku and its surroundings in the 1870s. The first industrial oil well was drilled in Bibi-Eybat in 1848 using mechanical drilling, which made it possible to extract oil from deep wells instead of manually dug pits. This growth began after the lands owned by peasants were leased to oil industrialists. From 1864, the government prohibited the use of forced labor of peasants in oil fields.&nbsp;Gradually, the number of wells increased and the demand for Azerbaijani oil grew, which was then transported by rail and sea in tankers. At that time, the wells were wooden structures with mechanisms for extracting oil. Due to the high number of oil rigs, the city was nicknamed the "Black City". Later, the "White City" project was launched, which aimed to restore the eastern part of the center known as the Black City. During the oil boom, the entire Black City was dotted with wooden rigs, leading to residents' complaints about clouds and oil vapors complicating breathing. Workers engaged in oil production often faced harsh working conditions, heat, and dangerous gas emissions, which led to strikes. In 1903, at the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP), a split occurred, and the party divided into two groups: the Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, and the Mensheviks, led by Martov. Lenin believed that the party should be strictly organized and active, demanding that all members actively participate in its activities. Martov, on the other hand, took a more lenient stance, seeking to attract more supporters. He proposed that anyone who supported the party's charter and provided financial assistance could become a member. As a result of this event, the first trade union was formed in Azerbaijan in 1920. In response, improved working conditions were established, including a 9-hour workday, wage increases, and paid leave.&nbsp;During the oil boom, Baku became a place of architectural masterpieces, attracting architects and artists. This period also transformed the city into the most modern and cultural center in the Ancient East, thanks to famous buildings such as the "Palace of Happiness" and "Ismailiyya". Today, in the city, one can see rusting "nodding donkeys" among modern skyscrapers, reminding of the rich oil history of this region.

Black Gold: The History of the Oil Boom

Azerbaijan is one of the oldest states in the East. Since ancient times, Azerbaijan has occupied vast territories. Its lands stretched from Derbent in the north to Zanjan in the south. Over the millennia, various ancient states have succeeded one another on the territory of modern Azerbaijan, including Manna, Atropatene, Caucasian Albania, the Safavid State, the Shirvanshahs' State, and others. Each of these states has left its mark on the history and culture of the region, which has always been characterized by significant cultural and religious diversity. Throughout the centuries, Azerbaijan has been known for its tolerance and openness to various religious and cultural traditions. Evidence of this tradition includes ancient fire-worshipping temples that have survived to the present day, as well as ancient Albanian churches, which embody the region's rich religious heritage. These historical monuments are not only important cultural artifacts but also symbols of the centuries-old coexistence of various religions and cultures in this land.&nbsp;Azerbaijan, also known as the "Land of Fire", received this name due to the natural emission of gases. Medieval Arab geographers proposed a different interpretation of the name based on folk etymology. They derived it from the personal name Adarbador, which they interpreted as “temple of fire” or "guardian of fire", combining the words “adar” (fire) and “baikan” (guardian). This explanation was particularly convincing given that Atropatene did indeed have numerous Zoroastrian temples with perpetually burning fires.&nbsp;Azerbaijanis, as one of the ancient peoples, possess long-standing traditions of statehood known on a global scale. The history of state formation on the territory of Azerbaijan spans approximately five thousand years. Initial forms of statehood or ethnopolitical entities in this region began to emerge in the Urmia Basin at the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 3rd millennium BCE.&nbsp;From the early Stone Age (Paleolithic), the population of Azerbaijan began to develop a rich cultural heritage. In the Middle Stone Age (Mesolithic) and New Stone Age (Neolithic), there was a transition to a settled way of life, which influenced the social and economic structure of society. During this period, there was significant development in agriculture, animal husbandry, and various crafts, which contributed to the creation of a highly advanced culture.&nbsp;The shift to agriculture and animal husbandry in the Neolithic led to the formation of stable settlements, which, in turn, facilitated further social and cultural progress. Craftsmen, by perfecting their skills, produced a variety of items that played a key role in the region's economy and culture.&nbsp;Thus, Azerbaijan continues to preserve its unique identity due to its multilayered historical heritage and tradition of interreligious and cultural understanding.

Azerbaijan: Etymology and Historical Roots

Also known as the Shahid Mosque, it is a Sunni mosque located on the Alley of Martyrs. The mosque was built in the early 1990s with the assistance of Turkish authorities.

Flag Square in Baku is a symbol of the city, where the largest state flag in the Caucasus waves proudly. Located on a high hill, the square offers breathtaking panoramic views of the city and the Caspian Sea. This place has become popular due to its significance and beauty.

The Maiden Tower in Baku, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a symbol of the city's rich history and architectural splendor. Built in the 12th century, the tower's unique structure and mysterious origins have inspired numerous legends and stories over the centuries. Here, you can climb to the top of the Maiden Tower and enjoy a breathtaking panoramic view of Baku's old city and the Caspian Sea.

Yanar Dag, or "Burning Mountain," is a natural gas vent that burns with a continuous flame. The fire, which has been burning for several millennia, is a captivating spectacle and is considered a symbol of the ancient fire-worshiping cult.

A place where you can buy the most delicious and high-quality sweets in the city - Sheker Bura! Here you can find everything you come to Baku for - tea, baklava, honey, jams, as well as souvenirs, silk scarves, and even perfume!

The Flame Towers in Baku are a symbol of modern Azerbaijan, an impressive architectural creation known for its magnificent flame-like structures that create a unique interplay of light and shadow across the city at night. These monumental buildings represent a fusion of traditional and contemporary elements, serving as a prominent landmark and focal point amidst Baku's modern urban landscape. Along the Caspian Sea waterfront, they stand tall, reminding of Azerbaijan's grandeur and cultural heritage.

The Double gates of the Old City in Baku are a magnificent example of medieval defensive architecture, showcasing the grandeur of the city's historic fortifications. Dating back to the 12th century, these gates have witnessed numerous historical events and served as a crucial entrance to the walled city. Today, they stand as a testament to the rich cultural heritage and enduring legacy of ancient Baku.

Crescent Mall in Baku is not just a shopping center, but a place where style and magnificence come together, offering each visitor a true pleasure in shopping and leisure.

The globally renowned architectural masterpiece, the Heydar Aliyev Center, is Zaha Hadid's most beloved creation. The building serves as a modern cultural center. The "I Love Baku" sign is also located nearby.

The Baku Boulevard is a famous promenade stretching over 4 km along the Caspian Sea coast. It is renowned for its beauty, architecture, and abundance of entertainment and sports facilities. The Boulevard is a popular spot for leisurely walks and relaxation among locals and tourists alike.

The Palace of the Sheki Khans is a magnificent example of 18th-century architecture and a symbol of power and luxury. This palace impresses with its numerous rooms, halls, and inner courtyard, all decorated in Eastern style with exquisite wood carvings and decorative elements known as shebeke. All of these stained glass windows are handmade. Today, the palace is a national historical and architectural reserve and is also listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The caravanserai in Sheki is an outstanding example of medieval architecture and hospitality along the trade route. It served as both a resting place and a trading hub for caravans, as well as a refuge for travelers. Its unique architecture, combining stone walls and an inner courtyard, makes it a popular attraction for tourists seeking a glimpse into the past and an authentic Eastern atmosphere.

Albanian churches represent a unique collection of ancient Christian sanctuaries built during the medieval period.

In the forest, over several kilometers, you can see an arch formed by tree branches. This place is designed for enjoyment. Here, you can enjoy the silence and fresh air, marvel at magnificent views, or try dishes made from the freshest local produce. Everything here contributes to a nature retreat, framed by enchanting green mountains.

Khinalig is an ancient highland village in Azerbaijan, situated at an altitude of around 2,300 meters above sea level, and is considered one of the highest settlements in Europe. The residents of Khinalig speak a unique language that has no written form and does not belong to any known language group. The village is famous for its traditional stone houses, cultural customs, and picturesque views of the Caucasus Mountains.

One of the highest points in Azerbaijan. Here we will see a charming view of the Caucasus Mountains, and if we're lucky, we'll also see eagles flying very close by.

We will take a ride on the cable car, enjoying the beautiful views of the Caucasus Mountains.

The highest mountain lake in Azerbaijan. We will have lunch on the shore, enjoying the magnificent view of the lake.

The village is surrounded by the picturesque Caucasus Mountains, making it a popular destination for tourists and outdoor enthusiasts. Qusar is also known for its rich cultural heritage and traditional Azerbaijani cuisine.

Shahdag is the first and largest ski resort in the country, offering a variety of winter and summer activities. At approximately 4,243 meters high, Shahdag attracts enthusiasts of extreme sports such as snowboarding, skiing, and mountaineering. The resort is also renowned for its picturesque views and rich flora and fauna, making it a popular destination for ecotourism.

The village is located in the Gusar district of Azerbaijan and is one of the oldest settlements in the country. It is famous for its picturesque mountains, waterfalls, and traditional architecture, attracting visitors with its natural beauty and authentic atmosphere. Laza is also known for its cultural traditions and the hospitality of the local residents.

The mausoleum of the Shirvan Khans, dating back to the 18th century, has been preserved to this day.

In Azerbaijan, there is an alpaca farm where these amazing animals have been living for several years. The farm offers the opportunity to see and get acquainted with alpacas, as well as learn more about their care and characteristics. This place attracts animal lovers and those who simply want to be charmed :)

The mosque dates back to the 8th century, making it the first in the territory of modern Azerbaijan. It attracts attention with its unique ancient architecture, including tall walls and exquisite decorative elements. The Juma Mosque continues to serve as a place of prayer and remains an important symbol of spirituality and cultural heritage in Azerbaijan.

The Diribaba Mausoleum is a unique historical monument dating back to the 15th century. This mausoleum is renowned for its dome architecture and majestic tombs carved into the rock. It is believed to house relics of a spiritual teacher and mystic, making it an important pilgrimage site and a subject of study for historians and archaeologists.

The waterfall consists of 7 cascades of varying heights, which is why it is named "Seven Beauties". From below, only two small lower waterfalls are visible. To see the other five, one must climb steep steps upwards, requiring a certain amount of physical strength. However, those who conquer this path will be rewarded with an amazing panorama that unfolds from the top.

Ismayilli is a picturesque district in Azerbaijan, located on the northeastern slopes of the Greater Caucasus. The district is renowned for its beautiful mountain landscapes, waterfalls, and dense forests, making it a popular destination for eco-tourism and outdoor activities.

The 74-meter-long bridge was for a long time the only way to reach the village of Zernava.

Lahij is an ancient village in Azerbaijan, known for its unique copper-smith workshops and traditional crafts that have been preserved since ancient times. It is situated in a picturesque valley on the slopes of the Greater Caucasus, making it a popular destination for lovers of mountain landscapes and historical architecture. Lahij is also famous for its cobblestone streets and old buildings, many of which are listed as protected monuments.

This place is so unique that its beauty and mystical atmosphere are difficult to convey in words — but we can capture them in photographs. Here, you will witness stunning interplays of red, terracotta, white, and golden hues in the mountains: such cosmic landscapes are found only in a few places on the planet, and Khizi is one of them.

Mount Beshbarmag is one of Azerbaijan's most iconic natural landmarks, rising 520 meters above sea level. It is famous for its unusual rock formations resembling five fingers and is a pilgrimage site associated with ancient myths and legends. Beshbarmag also attracts visitors with its breathtaking views of the Caspian Sea and the surrounding landscapes.

The towers were successfully used to signal danger ("chirag-kala" translates as "lamp tower"). Fires lit on the tops of the towers could be seen for many kilometers. The Chirag-Kala fortress served as an "informant" of sorts and was the largest in the signaling system of medieval fortresses.

The amazing shades of the water and the surrounding landscape capture attention and awaken a sense of delight. This place is not just a lake—it's a journey into a world of mystique and incredible colors.

Tea plantations in the valleys of Lenkoran await guests who can enjoy magnificent landscapes, the beauty of mountains and valleys, the hospitality of locals, and, of course, taste Azerbaijani tea that will invigorate and promote health.

This samovar was prepared with the aim of symbolically presenting Lenkoran tea and demonstrating the hospitality of the local residents of the region.

The Khan's Palace is a historical building constructed in 1913. It served as the residence of the rulers of the Talysh Khanate and is a vivid example of Azerbaijani architecture of that era. Today, the palace is an important cultural and tourist attraction, drawing numerous visitors.

The lake captivates with its beauty all year round. People from nearby and other regions of the republic come here at any time of the year to admire its mesmerizing beauty.

Let's begin our exciting journey with a visit to the majestic mosque, restored to its historical splendor and filled with a spiritual atmosphere. Next, we will head to the ancient petroglyphs and unforgettable mud volcanoes, creating otherworldly landscapes. We will visit a mysterious temple, where we will learn about ancient fire-worshiping rituals, and then head to a mountain to see the eternal flame that has been burning for several millennia. We will conclude our excursion at a medieval fortress, where history and architecture create the atmosphere of an era of ancient wars and defense. This route will give you unforgettable impressions and reveal the beauty and mysteries of Baku!

Day trip Baku

The museum in Gobustan is famous for its ancient petroglyphs dating back to the Paleolithic era. This unique site preserves over 6,000 rock carvings depicting human life, animals, hunting scenes, as well as dances and rituals. In 2007, the Gobustan State Historical and Artistic Reserve was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Gobustan

Tours in Baku

Ramana Fortress, built in the 12th-14th centuries, served as a strategic fortification on the trade route between Europe and Asia. With its high walls and towers, it protected the local population from enemy raids and was an important defensive structure. The fortress still retains its historical appearance to this day.

Ramana Castle

The Ateshgah Fire Temple was built in the 17th-18th centuries on a site with natural gas vents. This temple, associated with Zoroastrianism and Hinduism, was used for fire worship and became a place of pilgrimage. In 1975, it was converted into a museum, attracting tourists with its unique architecture and history.

Fire Temple

One of the first mosques in Baku! It is famous as a burial of 4 descendants of the Prophet Muhammad. 

Bibi-Heybat Mosque

Fire Mountain

One of the most unusual places on the planet! Here, you can feel like you are on Mars. There are over 700 mud volcanoes in the world, and 354 of them are located in Azerbaijan, making up about 40%. The mud has healing properties and is very beneficial for the skin and joints. It is also used in the chemical industry.

Mud Volcanoes

Discount card for Sheker Bura sweet house

Entrance tickets

Complimentary Night Baku Tour 

Lunch

Professional English Speaking Guide

Complimentary Old city tour

Comfortable car

By choosing this tour, you will have the opportunity to see 28% of all the landmarks in Azerbaijan! History, culture, nature - all in just one day! This tour promises a stunning journey through time and traditions, unveiling the grandeur and beauty of centuries-old history in these amazing regions.

Sheki - 4 regions in 1 day

Caravansarai

Tours in regions

Nohur Lake

Hanging Bridge

Juma Mosque

Albanian Churches

Sheki Khan Palace

The Pink Mountains in the Khizi region are known for their unusual red-pink hue. This color is due to the high iron content and other minerals in the rocks, creating bright and picturesque landscapes. The green forests and mountains that surround us all the way allow us to enjoy the views of the Caucasus. Khinalug, located at an altitude of 2,350 meters above sea level in the Caucasus Mountains of Azerbaijan, is one of the highest and oldest settlements in the country. The village has more than 5,000 years of history and is renowned for its unique Khinalug language, which is not related to any other language group. The village also features ancient mosques, Zoroastrian temples, and traditional stone houses, attracting visitors with their authenticity and cultural heritage.

Book This Package

Day trip Baku

9 hours

Sheki - 4 regions in 1 day

14 hours

Guba Khinalig

12 hours

Day trip Baku

9 hours

Sheki - 4 regions in 1 day

14 hours

Guba Khinalig

12 hours

Day trip Baku

9 hours

Sheki - 4 regions in 1 day

14 hours

Guba Khinalig

12 hours

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12 hours

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